STUDY OF SOME AGRONOMICAL PARAMETERS OF BREAD WHEAT LINES INTRODUCED FROM CIMMYT

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is among the most widely cultivated grain crops in the world with about 220 million hectares grown annually, significant part of which is produced under semi-arid regions. Global wheat production is suffered by many adverse abiotic and biotic factors, resulting in reduced grain quality and quantity. Improved wheat lines developed in International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) has a great contribution to increasing productivity and resistance to unfavorable factors. The aim of the research was to study the agronomic parameters of the spring bread wheat lines of the nursery 29thSAWYT (Semi-Arid Wheat Yield Trial) introduced from СIMMYT. 50 spring bread wheat lines were evaluated according to various phenological and agronomic characteristics, including plant height, number of lateral shoots, leaf surface index, biological yield, number of days before earing and the grain filling period, ear weight, ear length and width, number of spikes per ear, number and weight of grains per ear, weight of thousands grains and grain yields at the experimental field of the Agricultural Research Institute. In general, the introduced spring bread wheat lines from the 29thSAWYT nursery were early in earing and had a longer grain filling period, relatively low growth, and optimal leaf assimilation area compared to the local cultivar. The mass of 1 000 grains was higher in the introduced wheat lines than in the local cultivar. However, biological and grain productivity was higher in the local cultivar. Grain yield positively and significantly correlated with plant height, biological yield, ear weight, number and weight of grains per ear. The 29thSAWYT nursery's spring bread wheat lines have a number of advantages that are used in breeding for areas with semi-arid growing conditions.