REPRESENTATIVES OF ORCHIDACEAE FAMILY FROM THE GENETIC COLLECTION IN FRC SSC OF RAS

In Sochi Black Sea region, the Orchid family (Orchidaceae) is represented by 52 taxa. One of the most effective methods for preserving rare plants is introduction. The genetic collection of orchidaceous family, or the Orchid family (Orchidaceae) from FRC SSC of RAS, is represented by 10 species: Anacamptis pyramidalis, Platanthera chlorantha, Ophrys apifera, Ophrys oestrifera, Serapias vomeracea, Spiranthes spiralis, Steveniella satyrioides, Listera ovata, Orchis mascula, Orchis provincialis. The research was carried out at the experimental base of the Centre in Razdolnoye village. According to the Red Book of the Russian Federation, out of 10 species contained in the collection, 3 species have the status of rarity 1; 2 – 2; 3 – 3. The Red Book of the Krasnodar Territory includes all the studied species, 4 species have the status of 2, 6 – the status of 3, 4 species are relics. As a result of the observations, the terms and features of flowering have been established. The earliest flowering was observed in Orchis mascula at the end of March. Orchis provincialis, Steveniella satyrioides, Listera ovata were also recorded from springflowering orchids. Late spring and summer flowering were recorded in Anacamptis pyramidalis, Ophrys apifera, Ophrys oestrifera, Platanthera chlorantha, Serapias vomeracea. Autumn flowering was noted in one species – Spiranthes spiralis. Considering the uniqueness and decorativeness of the studied representatives of Orchidaceae family, characteristic features in the structure of inflorescences and flowers have been identified. So, it has been found that most of the species in the collection have white-green shades of flower colour (4 taxa), the rest are 2: burgundy, purple, with a complex pattern. For each species, their features have been highlighted, including the presence of a spur, a special labellum structure, etc.