FEATURES OF SEASONAL DEVELOPMENT RHYTHM OF SOME HEMEROCALLIS L. REPRESENTATIVES IN THE SOUTHERN URAL

The paper presents the results of the analysis of phenological observations with 6 Hemerocallis L. species and 40 cultivars, conducted in the South Ural Botanical Garden (Ufa) in 2019–2024. The terms of 11 phenophases were recorded: the beginning of shoot growth, the beginning and duration of budding, the duration from regrowth to flowering, the beginning and duration of flowering, the beginning of mass flowering, the beginning and duration of fruiting, the end and duration of vegetation. To assess the relationship between phenophases, the correlation analysis was used; the two-factor analysis of variance helped to reveal the influence of genetic and annual meteorological features. It was found that vegetation in species and varietal daylilies begins in the early–mid April. The phases of the beginning and end of flowering are an individual feature for each species and taxon. Three groups of plants were identified by the terms of the onset of flowering: early (late May–late June), medium (early July), late (early-mid August). The basis of the studied taxa are mid-flowering daylilies. Fruiting occurs in early–late June, the end of fruiting – in mid – late September. Only 11 taxa out of 46 studied bear fruits. Vegetation ends in late September – early October with the onset of the first frosts. It was found that the terms of phenophases passage depends primarily on weather conditions, but a reliable relationship was also found for genetically determined features of daylilies. The beginning of budding, flowering, fruiting, as well as the duration from regrowth to flowering depend on the genetic characteristics of plants. The onset of all phases, except for the duration of flowering, fruiting and the end of vegetation, is reliably influenced by weather conditions of a particular vegetation year.