EFFECT OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE MORPHOGENESIS INDUCTION IN PRUNUS PERSICA (L.) BATSCH IN VITRO

The paper presents the results of studying the effect of the genotype, explant extraction period and growth regulators concentration on the morphogenesis induction of promising peach cultivars in vitro. The objects of research were 6 cultivars of Prunus persica: ‘Osenniy rumyanets’, ‘Pyatnitsa 13’ and cultivars selected by the FRC SSC of RAS – ‘Krasnaya zarya’, ‘Rannyaya zarya’, ‘Nicholay I’, ‘Larisa’. The initial shoot explants were collected in the spring (March-May) and summer (June, July) periods. Explants were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog media supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), IBA, and gibberellic acid (GA3 ) in various concentrations and combinations. The aim of the research was to study the effect of growth regulators on the morphogenesis induction in Prunus persica (L.) Batsch in vitro. The results showed that the best time for selecting peach explants for introduction into sterile conditions was the summer period (June-July). The optimal composition of sterilizing substances and their exposures was determined (ethyl alcohol 96 % 1 min and whiteness 20 % in the exposure 20 min), at which the yield of sterile explants was 78.9 %. It was revealed that the addition of various types of growth regulators and their concentrations to the nutrient medium stimulated the development of morphogenic processes in peach explants, while the morphometric parameters of initiated peach microshoots differed significantly depending on the concentration of growth regulators. It was found that the most effective for obtaining a high percentage of regeneration (73.2 %) were nutrient media containing 6-Bap-2 mg/l, GA3 -2 mg/l and 6-Bap-2 mg/l, GA3 -2 mg/l and IBA0.5 mg/l. Separate stages of peach micropropagation in vitro have been developed.