CORNELIAN CHERRY – A PROMISING SUBTROPICAL CROP IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTHERN DAGESTAN

The purpose of the work is to summarize the agrobiological features of Cornelian cherry, its chemical composition, economic importance, medicinal properties and to assess the prospects of Cornelian cherry cultivation in the Republic of Dagestan. The subject of research is the biological features and requirements of Cornelian cherry to edaphic conditions, including the Republic of Dagestan. The research was carried out on a collection site of subtropical fruit crops planted in 1995–2014, located near Derbent on the southern side on the ancient Caspian terrace. The agrobiological features of the subtropical Cornelian cherry crop of the cultivars ‘Radost’ and ‘Elena’ were studied. The counts were carried out on ten plants; the trees were repeated. The tree planting scheme was 4.0 × 5.0 m, Cornelian cherry plants have a stem shape. The paper presents the medical and biological value, environmental requirements, biological features of Cornelian cherry crop, and summarizes the results of research on the agrobiological features of subtropical fruit crops of Cornelian cherry in 2020–2024 in Southern Dagestan. For the first time in the conditions of Southern Dagestan, the agrobiological and economic and technological assessment of Cornelian cherry, which is of great interest for industrial cultivation in the Republic of Dagestan, was carried out and given. In the framework of research, special importance is attached to the study of crop resistance to short-term frosts in the changing climate of southern Russia. These factors are key constraints in its cultivation. The favorable soil and climatic conditions of Southern Dagestan create the prerequisites for the industrial cultivation of this crop. Its high adaptability makes it possible to successfully use it as a fruit crop providing environmentally friendly products. For the effective integration of crops into agricultural turnover and an increase in the area for its cultivation, it is necessary to conduct further research on introduction, breeding and the development of agrotechnical techniques. These works will be continued at the Station.